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Structural analysis of pipes is similar to that of beams but with the addition of an internal pressure that usually contributes significantly to the stresses in a pipe. These elements can also be used for modeling reinforcements. A library of common cross section types are available as well as functionality for modeling general cross sections.Īdditionally, the Structural Mechanics Module enables the modeling of slender structures that can only sustain axial forces (trusses and wires). Predefined couplings allow for mixing beams with other element types to study reinforcements for solid and shell structures. Formulations for both slender beams (Euler–Bernoulli theory) and thick beams (Timoshenko theory) are available. There are specialized element types for modeling beams, described by their cross section properties. Users can include their own material model by providing external functions coded in the C programming language. Material properties can be isotropic, orthotropic, or fully anisotropic. The material models can accommodate thermal expansion, hygroscopic swelling, initial stresses and strains, and several types of damping. For example, custom differential equations can be added to provide inelastic strain contributions.
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In frequency-domain analyses, complex-valued expressions can be entered. Expressions that depend on stress, strain, spatial coordinates, time, or fields coming from another physics interface can be entered directly in the input field for a material property. In addition, there are many possibilities for extending the existing material models or for users to create their own. The Structural Mechanics Module provides linear elastic, viscoelastic, and piezoelectric material models, and a wide range of nonlinear material models, including hyperelastic and elastoplastic models, is accessible by adding the Nonlinear Structural Materials Module or Geomechanics Module. The interface is multiphysics enabled and can be seamlessly coupled to fluid domains. The interface uses a higher-order dG-FEM time-explicit method. The Elastic Waves, Time Explicit interface can be used to compute the transient propagation of linear elastic waves over large domains containing many wavelengths. Absorbing boundary conditions and perfectly matched layers (PMLs) enable efficient modeling of unbounded domains. Mechanical port conditions can be used to excite and absorb propagating modes in waveguide structures and to compute a scattering matrix of a component. The Solid Mechanics interface uses a full structural dynamics formulation that accounts for the effects of shear waves and pressure waves in solids and analyzes elastic waves. Application areas range from micromechanical problems to seismic wave propagation. Model the propagation of elastic waves in isotropic, orthotropic, anisotropic, and piezoelectric solids, for single-physics or multiphysics applications, such as vibration control, nondestructive testing (NDT), or mechanical feedback. Combining with other modules from the COMSOL product suite allows for advanced heat transfer, fluid flow, acoustic, and electromagnetics effects and enables specialized materials modeling and CAD import functionality.
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The Structural Mechanics Module offers built-in multiphysics couplings that include thermal stress, fluid–structure interaction, and piezoelectricity. Application areas include mechanical engineering, civil engineering, geomechanics, biomechanics, and MEMS devices. The module includes modeling features and functionality for solid mechanics and materials modeling and the modeling of dynamics and vibrations, shells, beams, contact, fractures, and more. The Structural Mechanics Module, an add-on to the COMSOL Multiphysics ® platform, is an FEA software package specialized for analyzing mechanical behavior of solid structures. Run Mechanical Analyses with Extensive Multiphysics Capabilities